NRS 433 week 1 PICOT Statement and Literature

NRS 433 week 1 PICOT Statement and Literature

The first step of the EBP process is to develop a question from the nursing practice problem of interest. Select a practice problem of interest to use as the focus of your research. Start with the patient and identify the clinical problems or issues that arise from clinical care. Following the PICOT format, write a PICOT statement in your selected practice problem area of interest, which is applicable to your proposed capstone project. The PICOT statement will provide a framework for your capstone project (the project students must complete during their final course in the RN-BSN program of study). Conduct a literature search to locate research articles focused on your selected practice problem of interest. This literature search should include both quantitative and qualitative peer-reviewed research articles to support your practice problem. Select six peer-reviewed research articles which will be utilized through the next 5 weeks as reference sources. Be sure that some of the articles use qualitative research and that some use quantitative research. Create a reference list in which the six articles are listed. Beneath each reference include the article’s abstract. The completed assignment should have a title page and a reference list with abstracts. Suggestions for locating qualitative and quantitative research articles from credible sources: Use a library database such as CINAHL Complete for your search. Using the advanced search page check the box beside “Research Article” in the “Limit Your Results” section. When setting up the search you can type your topic in the top box, then add quantitative or qualitative as a search term in one of the lower boxes. Research articles often are described as qualitative or quantitative. To narrow/broaden your search, remove the words qualitative and quantitative and include words that narrow or broaden your main topic. NRS 433 week 1 PICOT Statement and Literature. For example: Diabetes and pediatric and dialysis. To determine what research design was used, review the abstract and the methods section of the article. The author will provide a description of data collection using qualitative or quantitative methods. Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required. This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion. You are not required to submit this assignment to Turnitin NRS 433 week 1 PICOT Statement and Literature.

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Nursing NR 505

My question is that I have two communities to look at and I have to describe one health and one safety issue in each city Ironridge is a community that is under fire air pollution all over seems like there is no living person there the other community is Summerville it is the community with families police station and a playground why is this participant observation an example of qualitative research what are the other ways both qualitative and quantitative  that you could research this question? Finally how are theory research, and practice advanced by the combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches

Public health insurance Created through Title 18 of the Social Security Act of 1935 (SSA), and Medicaid

two of the most prominent are the Medicare program, created through Title 18 of the Social Security Act of 1935 (SSA), and Medicaid, created through Title 19 of the SSA. Both programs are operated by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS), a division of the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services (HHS).

Medicare has four sub-programs: Part A, which covers hospital inpatient services; Part B, which covers provider services and outpatient care; Part C, an optional managed care plan in which beneficiaries can participate; and Part D, which provides prescription drug coverage.

Consequently, there is variation within the program from state to state in terms of eligibility and benefits. Although the states have a certain degree of control over the eligibility criteria, federal law mandates that coverage be available to individuals in families with an income below 133 percent of the federal poverty level. The federal government also sets nonfinancial criteria, such as that coverage apply to those enrolled in the Supplemental Security Income (SSI) program (CMS, 2014).

Some of the federally mandated services provided by Medicaid include inpatient and outpatient services; surgical dental services; nursing facility services for beneficiaries aged 21 and older; and preventive, diagnostic, and treatment services for children.

Competency 724.8.1: Primary Research – The graduate recognizes basic scientific research concepts and techniques, appreciates the ethics of nursing research, recognizes researchable questions, uses evaluative skills to critique current nursing research, and identifies statistical types. Assignment Potential Public Health Impacts

Competency 724.8.2: Translation of Research Evidence and Evidence Summary –

The graduate applies concepts of nursing research to clinical practice situations, conducts reviews of the literature in relation to therapeutic approaches, and recognizes the importance of theoretical models in nursing practice or research.

Objectives:

724.8.1-01: Critique an original research report for a nursing research article to determine how the researcher addresses the five areas of a research report.

724.8.1-02: Assess the strength of evidence presented in a given literature source on a specified topic.

724.8.1-03: Recognize what ethical issues may arise while conducting a nursing research study.

724.8.1-04: Recommend an appropriate type of research for a given nursing practice purpose.

724.8.1-05: Develop an annotated bibliography of nursing research articles that address a given evidence-based practice issue.

724.8.1-06: Identify types of statistically based tools commonly reported in evidence summaries from nursing research.

724.8.2-01: Use a given preconstructed expert search strategy to locate primary research in a specified major bibliographic database.

724.8.2-02: Identify the key criteria for a well developed evidence summary.

724.8.2-03: Explain why it is important to use a theoretical model for nursing research or practice.

724.8.2-04: Conduct an in-depth review of specified current peer-reviewed research articles to evaluate the efficacy of a specified therapeutic approach to a given clinical practice problem.

724.8.2-05: Recommend a practical application of a given theoretical model based on a review of current research.

724.8.2-06: Evaluate nursing care or management implications of a specified therapeutic nursing intervention based on a review of relevant literature.

Research Report Critique

Statement of the problem

This study is clear about the problem that research seeks to identify and find the possible solutions to. The statement of the problem lies in the fact that most patients who are in critical health conditions and using life –supporting equipment in the ICU are not in a position to make their own health related decisions. This calls for the intervention of the close family members who are allowed to make decisions on their own. The study thus is out to analyze various factors in relation to the idea of family members making critical decisions on behalf of their sick relatives.

Purpose of the Study

The purpose of this study is clearly outlined as seeking to find out the experiences that family members of the patients have while they make decisions that are critical to the health of the patients and provide the most appropriate approach on way forward in regards to their health.

Specific objecties

Analyze factors that either promote or hinder decision making of the patients’ signatories/relatives
Understand the effects of the decisions made by the relatives.
Determine the factors that guide the family members in knowing what to rely on when making decisions.

2 Substantive and Theoretical Dimensions

Relevance of research problem and significance

This research is relevant and quite important especially at this time when the number of patients across the globe on life supporting machines has almost doubled due to the development of both communicable and non-communicable disease that result into extreme medical conditions that eventually endanger the lives of patients. This makes them unable to properly function as the brain and thinking patterns may be malfunctioned thus members of the family have to constantly step in to provide the necessary assistance.

Congruence between research questions and methods used

The research questions in this case are derived from the specific objectives which included;

What factors affect your decision-making process?
How do you know that the decisions you made were the right ones?
What challenges do you experience in making the decisions on behalf of your family members?
Are there any decisions you have made before that you regret?

These questions are very well in line with the qualitative method that is used. This is because as shall be discussed in the next section, qualitative research seeks to follow a narrative approach in order to gauge not just the statistics but also the emotions and the patients’ relatives’ experiences. Feelings will be analysed and evaluated in this method.

Literature Review

The researcher began by conducting a desk research and literature review on the already existing documents regarding patients and their family members decision making processes. Examples are given on what previous qualitative examples have found out and suggested (p.31). This is important to enable the researcher have some background information on what has already been done and also to identify the existing research gaps.
3 Methodological Dimensions

Research Design

This research will adapt a qualitative approach design to come up with the findings. This has been preferred over quantitative research for various reasons. To begin with, quantitative research involves the analysis of concept through numerical data while qualitative research focuses on narrative data to gain insight into the study. Quantitative research approach will not be the most appropriate for this study as it involves collecting numeric data by using instruments that are fully closed ended and use scales for rating. This will not perfectly fit the requirements of this study that includes using semi structured questionnaires for data collection that are either unstructured or semi structured like interviews, case studies and observations. Quantitative research method also focuses on various behaviour that are controlled by artificial conditions unlike the qualitative research method required in this study that focuses on studying behaviour of the patients’ relatives involved in decision making as directly related to the contextual framework and environment. Qualitative research offers the team with findings that are particular to the study and which gives in-depth analysis of the viewpoints given by all the respondents involved in interviews, meaning that the results are oriented to the respondents. On the contrary, quantitative research will only provide findings that are generalized which give an overall perspective of the responses from correspondents and present the viewpoint of the researchers involved (Johnston & Christen, 2004).

Population and Sample

A population sample of 17 people was selected for the study. This was not done randomly but in a purposive manner to specifically target those who have taken part in decision making on behalf of their relatives before.

Collection of Data

This study employed the use of semi structured interviews and surveys to gather qualitative data. This collection method was the best in this case. The World Health organization defines interviews as methodical and organized ways of interacting with people through careful listening to their responses of the asked questions. This enables data collection by from the respondents, who in this case were the patients’ relatives that the researchers involved. In this type of data collection, the reaction and perception of the one being interviewed is more important than those of the interviewer. This is what makes an interview be viewed as a process of interchanging views and opinions among people on a common topic of discussion. The researcher in this study has asked valid questions that have generated appropriate responses from the participants and have contributed towards the development of this research findings. The questions seem to have been designed in a way to motivate the respondents to feel free and give maximum details without any forms of biases. Interviews are the most preferred methods because of the demand to have data that is highly personalized. They also provide interviewers with opportunities to probe more the respondents and seek clarifications in case of doubt. This research also provided a good rate of return and may also provide assistance to respondents who had difficulties in understanding and responding to certain questions. The key informants were medical experts and the relatives of the patients who were directly involved in making decisions on patients’ behalf. The experts were people considered to have unique skills or professional backgrounds related to the topic making family decisions for life supported patients whose health conditions have seriously deteriorated. In depth interviews work best for the experts working independently since gathering them into a central location would be a daunting task, given their busy schedules.

Validity internal and external

The researcher had prolonged sessions with the respondents, sent out some copies of the questionnaires for counterchecking that information was accurate and credible. Brief sessions were also held with peers and experts to evaluate the researcher’s progress and eliminate any biasness that were identified. These are effective measures of quality assurance in the study. Nonetheless, the researchers could also have used other methods of quality assurance such as back-checking a certain percentage of all interviews conducted by the research assistants (Kawulich,2005). This could have involved the selection of a sample of questions in the questionnaire and calling back respondents in order to re-interview and verify key points of the questionnaire.

Limitation of the study

The researcher also declares the limitations of the study as the unconscious biasness in the event of conducting the study. Another factor is the extreme emotional feelings that were displayed by some of the informants during interviews. A scientific researcher noted that it is always important to mention the limitations of a study so that they can be used to explain the manner in which the current work of research may be made better in the near future study analysis (Ioannidis 324-329).
4 Ethical Dimensions NRS 433 week 1 PICOT Statement and Literature.

Confidentiality or anonymity

The researcher has not revealed information throughout the analysis by mentioning names or extreme descriptions that may lead to hints of the respondents like their names, specific ages, and area of residence among others. Even in describing the characteristics of the respondents in table 2 (p. 32), the researcher is keen to only use codes of name, race and relationship to patient for the participants to label information rather than the direct use of names. A different should be kept by the researcher to later determine the matchup between the codes and names (Unite for Sight, 2013) NRS 433 week 1 PICOT Statement and Literature.

Informed Consent

The researcher made a crucial initiative by obtaining written consent from all participants who were involved in the study (p. 32). The World Health Organizationrecommends that in a research study, all participants must be provided with the informed consent forms (ICF), to portray acceptance and the free will to participate by participants. It further recommends that researches involving separate groups of people must have different consent forms designed to meet the needs of these group that are tailor made to suit them. This process enables participants take part in active decision making process (World Health Organization, 2011). The researcher fails to mention the structure of the consent forms ought to have designed the consent forms in two sections. Part one with a detailed description on the study nature to be conducted and part two containing the actual consent section for participants to sign as authorization to their willingness to take part in the study (Unite for Sight, 2013) NRS 433 week 1 PICOT Statement and Literature.

Vulnerability of Study participants

The qualities of data produced in research have over the years been issues of concern to most analysts. Most people are of the belief that unless certain research parameters are reached, then the entire research process is null and void. This thus calls for various measure controls such as both internal and external validities. NRS 433 week 1 PICOT Statement and Literature. Internal validity occurs when the results obtained can be directly associated with the treatment of the entire research process while external validity refers to the level at which the research findings can be generalized. The study participants are vulnerable to having their data shared without their consent. The researcher however has minimized the possibilities by providing the consent forms.
5 Interpretive Dimensions

Discussion section

The discussion section mainly highlights the key findings from the study. It nonetheless looks very short and should have been more engaging with the readers.

Conclusion

The research has helped the process to draw up certain conclusions in regards to family members being involved in the critical decision making process of their sick patient. It is evident that the process of involving family members in the process enables physicians be able to put into consideration the needs and concerns of the patient through the relatives. The implication of this study is that it may be used to inform the patient-centered approach in medical procedures. The researcher concludes by highlighting the various consequences discovered and how the decision making process affects most stakeholders NRS 433 week 1 PICOT Statement and Literature.
6 Presentation and Stylistic Dimensions

Missing information

The researcher fails to mention how the research findings are going to be availed to other relevant stakeholders. The dissemination process is not clear.

Grammar

There are no grammatical errors in the paper, a sign that thorough proof reading and editing took believe. This could be attributed to the fact that it is a high level academic work that has featured in a renowned and reputable journal. NRS 433 week 1 PICOT Statement and Literature.

Organization

The researcher has organized the study information in a systematic manner. Looking at the very beginning of the document, the content is highlighted in a very clear summary and a reader can almost get the catch on what it is about thus very easy to follow through. The body of the study is also well organized to follow, almost in a narrative manner.

Detailed information and less jargon

The researcher has made careful choices of words and terminologies so as to make it simple for participants to understand. The research finally answers all the study questions and objectives that it had set out to work on.

Prepare this assignment as a 1,500-1,750 word paper using the instructor feedback from the Topic 1, 2, and 3 assignments and the guidelines below.
PICOT Statement
Revise the PICOT statement you wrote in the Topic 1 assignment.
The final PICOT statement will provide a framework for your capstone project (the project students must complete during their final course in the RN-BSN program of study) NRS 433 week 1 PICOT Statement and Literature.
Research Critiques
In the Topic 2 and Topic 3 assignments you completed a qualitative and quantitative research critique. Use the feedback you received from your instructor on these assignments to finalize the critical analysis of the study by making appropriate revisions.
The completed analysis should connect to your identified practice problem of interest that is the basis for your PICOT statement NRS 433 week 1 PICOT Statement and Literature.
Refer to “Research Critique Guidelines.” Questions under each heading should be addressed as a narrative in the structure of a formal paper.
Proposed Evidence-Based Practice Change
Discuss the link between the PICOT statement, the research articles, and the nursing practice problem you identified. Include relevant details and supporting explanation and use that information to propose evidence-based practice changes.
Prepare this assignment according to the APA guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.
This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion NRS 433 week 1 PICOT Statement and Literature.

For all assignments assume that you are the administrator of a fictitious organization of your choice.

The organization can be any type of health care organization such as a hospital, nursing home, rehabilitation center, clinic, etc. As the administrator, you are faced with the challenges of declining reimbursements from insurance providers and increasing demands for patient services due to dramatic changes in the external environment. Such changes include those imposed by the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act.

Your first step in evaluating the position of your organization will be conducting an environmental analysis. The purpose of this is to determine your organizations ability to continue to provide quality care and remain financially solvent in the face of these challenges.

Determine two (2) specific forces in the external environment that will have the most impact on your organization. Provide a rationale for your decision.
Determine two (2) specific internal factors that the organizations leaders need to consider in preparing for the future of health care and the future of the organization. Provide a rationale for your decision.

Discuss the impact of both the identified internal and external forces on the organizations ability to develop a competitive strategy. NRS 433 week 1 PICOT Statement and Literature.

Recommend one (1) strategy that involves the organizations managers in implementing and maintaining the momentum of the strategic plan.

Use at least three (3) quality academic resources in this assignment. Note: Wikipedia and other Websites to not qualify as academic resources NRS 433 week 1 PICOT Statement and Literature..

Imagine you are going to conduct research investigating a human behavior that you would be interested in learning more about.

1. Based on your readings and learning this week describe what research method you would use for investigating it.

2. What drew you to this method?  Why would it be well suited for your hypothetical research?

3. What are the strengths and weaknesses of this type of research?

4. When responding to your classmates for the reply posts requirement, take their research topic of interest and recommend a different type of research approach to the study of the topic they chose (Ex:  “Another method that might also work is _______” or “Have you thought of the _________ method?” – we want to be respectful and professional and not criticize a classmate’s method choice) and explain why you would recommend that alternative method. NRS 433 week 1 PICOT Statement and Literature.

To help jump start this part of the discussion, here is an example of a human behavior that has been researched:  Say you were interested in whether men or women approach each other first in social situations where they do not know one another.  You might have an opinion based on personal experience, but you want to avoid bias toward one’s own experience and ideas that such might cause, so you are going to conduct a research study.  To research this, you might choose “naturalistic observation,” which could require going into nightclubs and taking note of what you observe men and women doing.

Another research method would be to give out a survey to see how men and women respond to the question of whether they approach the other.  Each method has strengths and weaknesses.

Be sure to check before posting that you have answered all of the questions, that you are basing your statements on concepts you learned about in your weekly readings and activities where required and that your post meets the general posting requirements located under the “View Full Description” link below the main Forum heading NRS 433 week 1 PICOT Statement and Literature.

The Final Paper provides the opportunity for you to demonstrate your ability to apply the concepts covered throughout the course. This assignment MUST be typed, double-spaced, in APA style, and must be written at graduate level English. You are required to utilize the Internet and the University Virtual Library to research current literature and information for this project. Using the University Virtual Library, find a minimum of eight (8) research articles, in family therapy, from professional journals dated within the past 5 years. You may use the research articles located in your syllabus under Bibliography NRS 433 week 1 PICOT Statement and Literature.

Do not use the course text or other texts for this assignment. This is a research-based paper.

Your research paper will be an exploration of two (2) theories of family therapy, the clinical applications and the evidence-based practice and interventions associated with each theory.
Your paper will have two parts:

Part I : Research [75% of your paper]
Compare and contrast Research on the 2 models of family therapy you chose.
Areas to address must include but are not limited to: NRS 433 week 1 PICOT Statement and Literature.

What research purports to be the strengths and limitations of each theory and therapeutic techniques associated with each theory.Your own understanding of the research presented and its clinical application.In consideration of evidence-based practice, discuss the research on culture, diversity and socioeconomic status specific to each theory.What legal and ethical issues may arise with each theory and technique?
Part II:  Application [25% of your paper]
Create a family intervention plan integrating and applying the Research you presented in Part I.  You can create your own original family scenario, or you can use fictional characters from TV, the movies or literature.  Do not use real persons. This is to be a fictional family you are working with.  Please specify the source of your fictional scenario.
Briefly set the stage of the family you will be treating. This should be no more than ½ page.Given the evidence-based research on the theoretical techniques you presented in Part I, discuss how you would treat this family. Remember to integrate and apply the information from Part I.Consideration of culture, diversity and legal/ethical issues must be included. NRS 433 week 1 PICOT Statement and Literature.
The final paper should be 10-12 pages plus a title and reference page.
References: 

Nichols, M.P. & Davis, S.D.   (2017).   Family Therapy: Concepts and Methods .   (11th).   New Jersey   Pearson.     ISBN 9780133826821

Assignment 1 PICOT Statement and Literature

The first step of the EBP process is to develop a question from the nursing practice problem of interest. Select a practice problem of interest to use as the focus of your research. Start with the patient and identify the clinical problems or issues that arise from clinical care. Following the PICOT format, write a PICOT statement in your selected practice problem area of interest, which is applicable to your proposed capstone project. The PICOT statement will provide a framework for your capstone project (the project students must complete during their final course in the RN-BSN program of study). Conduct a literature search to locate research articles focused on your selected practice problem of interest. This literature search should include both quantitative and qualitative peer-reviewed research articles to support your practice problem. Select six peer-reviewed research articles which will be utilized through the next 5 weeks as reference sources. Be sure that some of the articles use qualitative research and that some use quantitative research. Create a reference list in which the six articles are listed. Beneath each reference include the article’s abstract. The completed assignment should have a title page and a reference list with abstracts. Suggestions for locating qualitative and quantitative research articles from credible sources: NRS 433 week 1 PICOT Statement and Literature.

1. Use a library database such as CINAHL Complete for your search.

2. Using the advanced search page check the box beside “Research Article” in the “Limit Your Results” section.

3. When setting up the search you can type your topic in the top box, then add quantitative or qualitative as a search term in one of the lower boxes. Research articles often are described as qualitative or quantitative.

To narrow/broaden your search, remove the words qualitative and quantitative and include words that narrow or broaden your main topic. For example: Diabetes and pediatric and dialysis. To determine what research design was used, review the abstract and the methods section of the article. The author will provide a description of data collection using qualitative or quantitative methods. Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required. https://www.guideline.gov/(week 1) NRS 433 week 1 PICOT Statement and Literature.